Radiant Warmer/ radiant warmer for newborn
This devices are commonly use to provide heating support for newborns in the delivery suite, for critically ill infants who require constant nursing support, and for infants undergoing treatment that prolongs exposure to a cool environment.
Prolonged cold stress can overwork heat-producing mechanisms, drain energy reserves, and result in hypoxia, acidosis, hypoglycemia, and, in severe cases, death.
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Who is required radiant warmers/ radiant warmer newborn
Infant radiant warmers are overhead heating units. A heat source, a skin-temperature sensor, an automatic control unit, and visual and aural alarms are usually include. They generate a large amount of radiant heat energy.
About radiants heat warmer
Infant radiant warmers are overhead heating units. They typically consist of a heat source, a skin-temperature sensor, an automatic (servo) control unit, and visual and audible alarms. After birth, infants are place under a radiant warmer.
Warming by Infrared energy is an efficient means of energy transfer, extreme hyperthermia, skin burns, permanent brain damage, or even death can result.
What is the Working principle of Radiant heat Warmer
A heating element generates a significant amount of radiant heating energy in the IR wavelength region. The radiant output of the heating unit is limit to prevent thermal damage to the infant.
The Infrared energy is readily absorb by the infants; increase blood flow in the skin transfers heat to the rest of the body by blood convection (heat exchange between the blood and tissue surfaces) and tissue conduction (heat transfer between adjacent tissue surfaces). 
The different parts of a radiant heat warmer are given.
Heating Rod:- It is a source of heat radiation. It is mounted on the top of the machine.
Observation Light:- This light is very important to see the child at night.
Main Board:- This mother board is used to control the whole machine.
Display Board:- The display shows the set temperature, current value and the errors that may occur during its long run.
Baby Tray:- The tray is where the baby is placed. The tray is located directly below the heating rod.
Temperature sensor:- There are two sets of temperature probe to measure the temperature. One of the probes is used as a skin probe to measure skin temperature. The other probe is used as an air probe to measure the temperature of the atmosphere. However, an air probe is not available on most models.
Trolley:- The complete set of light, heater and tray is mounted on a trolley. The trolley makes it easy to move the machine from one place to another. Apart from this, the machine also has the facility to raise and lower the baby tray.
Drawer:– You can use the drawer usually found at the bottom of the machine to store the medical equipment and medicines used to treat the baby.
X-ray plate:- The plate may be available at the bottom of the baby tray. This is an optional feature.
What can be the advantages and disadvantages of radiant warmer
Advantages of Radiant heat Warmer
It is easy to operate and clean.
It is easy to carry from one place to another.
There is less chance of infection as compared to closed incubator.
Disadvantages of Radiant heat Warmer
Some of the side effects of Radiant Warmer are given below.
Since a radiant warmer is an open system, the heat will not be distributed evenly.
If the skin sensor is not used properly, the chances of hyperthermia are high.
There is a high rate of water loss and dehydration.
If a child accidentally touches any metal part of the machine, there is a risk of skin burns.
The high intensity light from the observation lamp can affect the baby’s eyes. So you may need to put some cover over their eyes.
Radiant Warmer Modes of Operation
The baby warmer provides you two kinds of modes. They are Auto Mode and Manual Mode.
1. Auto Mode
In this mode, the mainboard keeps comparing the temperature difference between the set and the current value. If its current value is less than the set value, the warmer will supply heat to the baby. Giving the baby warmth will increase its present value. When the current value approaches the set value, the intensity of the given heat will automatically decrease. When the set value is reached or exceeded, the heating element is completely switched off. In this way, the machine helps to maintain the set value.
This mode is mainly used during treatment as it helps in maintaining the required temperature. But, the main drawback of this system is that, once the current value gets close to the set value, the heating rod starts giving less energy. Therefore, it takes longer to stabilize.
2. Manual Mode
In this mode, the radiant warmer does not consider the set or current value. Here, the user manually sets the temperature intensity. For example, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% of the total energy is delivered by the machine.
The advantage of this mode is that you can also set the required power to 100%. So, the machine will continuously provide maximum thermal energy. For this reason, the tray in which the baby is to be placed heats up quickly before the baby is placed.
Another advantage is that the machine can still operate in this mode when the temperature sensor fails to function.
3. When do you need to use manual mode?
There are some situations when you’re better off using manual mode instead of auto mode.
If you are planning to bring a baby under the care of the radiant warmer, you would be better off using the manual mode. Therefore, set the manual mode to the maximum value. Thus, the tray will quickly gain temperature. Once the baby is placed on the tray, set the machine to servo mode.
If the infant is experiencing a hypothermic problem, the temperature will drop quickly. In such a case, you need to set the manual mode to the highest setting.
If the child is suffering from fever, setting the machine to auto mode will cause the alarm to sound periodically. So, you will need to set the machine in manual mode to the lowest possible value.
If the temperature sensor becomes damaged, manual mode needs to be used until a new sensor is available. This is because, if the sensor gets damaged, the machine will show you an error on auto mode.
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